Archieved Data

हिंदी साहित्य के इतिहास में गिनेचुने ही साहित्यकार हैं जो कम आयु में कम रचनाओं के बाद भी ख्याति अर्जित की हो और इतिहास में स्थान बना लिया हो। सुदामा पांडेय ‘‘धूमिल‘‘ उन में से एक हैं। वे अपने समय के बिखराव को चौकन्ना होकर देखते.सुनते हैं और कविता में सचेत आवेश के रूप में प्रकट करते हैं। सार्थक और न्यायपूर्ण जीवन की तलाश में तत्कालीन राजनीति की परतें खोलते हैं। संभवतः इसीलिए धूमिल देश की राजनीतिक व्यवस्था और उस व्यवस्था से उत्पन्न होने वाला भ्रष्टाचार को ही सारी गड़बड़ी की जड़ मानते है। सन् 1960-70 के बीच की छटपटाहट ही उनकी कविता का स्वर है। शासक भ्रष्ट है और जनता जड़ फिर भी धूमिलदेश एवं जनता के भीतरी दुःख को समझने वाले कवि हैं। इस शोध आलेख में स्वातंर्त्योत्तर भारत के यथार्थ से उभरे विद्रोही कवि के कविताओं में सकल राजनीतिक परिप्रेक्ष्य को स्पष्ट करने की कोशिश की गई है।

जनतंत्र, स्वराज्य, आंदोलन, प्रगतिशील, निषेधवाद, राष्ट्रीयताण्

  1. धूमिल, (1972) संसद से सड़क तक, राजकमल प्रकाशन, नई दिल्ली, पृ. 12।

India’s economic growth is strongly related to the development of its steel sector, which accounts for roughly 2% of the country’s GDP. As of 2011, India’s GDP growth rate was 7.2%, with steel consumption serving as an important indication of economic improvement. India is a global leader in the steel sector, with steel production increasing at a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8% between 2002-03 and 2006-07. Despite this expansion, the sector’s financial performance has not been completely satisfying. This study investigates the working capital management of Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), one of India’s largest steel producers. The study is primarily based on secondary data and spans three years (2020-2022). The studies demonstrate a close link between SAIL’s company profitability and the working capital management component.

Working capital management, Steel Authority of India Limited, GDP, Current Ratio, Corporate profitability.

  1. Bagchi, J. (2005). Development of steel industry in India. IK International Pvt Ltd. Scholar.google.com/

In present age all organization are facing different kind of risks. Risk is an important part of any organization whether it is Government or private organization. Without taking risk no organization can get success in their business. More Risk More Success, No/More Risk No Success. Risk management is a modren trend in India. This paper shows the meaning, types and benifits of Risk Management, it also shows that how an organization can implement Risk management step by step. Overall objective of this paper is to tell about risk management because without managing the risk an organization can never run and stand in this present competitive business environment.

Risk Management, Credit Risk, Hedging Risk, Business.

  1. Ghosh P.K. (2021) Strategic, Planning & Management, Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi.

Biological weapons, agents that use pathogens or toxins to cause injury or death in humans, animals, or plants, have raised immense concerns about public health and international security. Despite all the international efforts to outlaw their use, the menace of biological warfare remains an issue of persistence. The current study reviews the most critical biological agents used in wars, such as anthrax, smallpox, botulinum toxin, and plague, while at the same time considering the health implications to the individual and the community. This examination looks at the immediate and long-term effects of biological weapons on human health, based on the underlying biological processes. In addition, this analysis addresses the challenges associated with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases caused by biological weapons, emphasizing the need for public health preparedness and international cooperation in mitigating these risks.

Biological Weapons, Anthrax, Attacks, Public Health, Weapons, Biological Agents.

  1. Anderson, P., & Bokor, G. (2012) Bioterrorism: Pathogens as Weapons. In P. Anderson & G. Bokor, Journal of Pharmacy Practice (Vol. 25, Issue 5, p. 521). SAGE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1177/0897190012456366

In an increasingly interconnected world, corporate communication plays a critical role in shaping and maintaining stakeholder trust. Trust is essential for business sustainability and the success of long-term relationships with various stakeholder groups, including customers, employees, investors, suppliers, and the community. This study explores how corporate communication strategies influence stakeholder trust in organizations across industries. Using a qualitative research design, in-depth interviews with stakeholders from diverse industries were conducted to gather insights on communication methods, challenges, and their influence on trust-building. The findings underscore that transparent, consistent, and crisis-sensitive communication strengthens stakeholder trust, while miscommunication, lack of transparency, and delayed responses in critical situations undermine it. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for businesses to improve corporate communication practices to enhance stakeholder trust.

Corporate Communication, Stakeholder Trust, Transparency, Trust-Building, Qualitative Analysis, Strategic Communication.

  1. Cornelissen, J. (2017). Corporate Communication: A Guide to Theory and Practice. SAGE Publications.

Monetary execution is a vital element that decides a company’s productivity, long haul dependability, liquidity and is likewise a significance part of monetary gamble the executives. The appraisal of monetary execution can be accomplished by utilizing similar accounting report and benefit and misfortune examination, proportion investigation, pattern examination and so on. Monetary outcomes might be utilized to survey an organization’s prosperity.India, with a development pace of 6.6 percent in the year 2022, is among the quickest developing economies in Asia. Producing area and agrarian areas possesses second and third spot as far as commitment to Gross domestic product separately. The vehicle business assumes a fundamental part in Indian economy in India with regards to work age, creation and deals. Vehicle area a vital driver of macroeconomic development. Progress of any association relies upon principally on administration of its money effectively; along these lines monetary execution assessment is assumes essential part. The point of the paper is to assess the monetary exhibition of select Auto Organizations utilizing proportions. The review is work area exploration and it depends on the optional information gathered yearly reports for a considerable length of time 2016-17 to 2020-21. The number of inhabitants in the review contains top 10 vehicle organizations recorded in BSE Ltd. as on 31-12-2021. The specialist has picked top three organizations based on turnover. The example organizations are Tata Motors Ltd and Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. The extent of the review is restricted to the select organizations which are from four wheel passengers  vehicles as it were. The information gathered for study were broke down utilizing proportion investigation and EVA examination. It is found that on a generally the monetary execution of select example vehicle organizations were in a sluggish speed, however Tata Motors Ltd and Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. were steady and better in their monetary execution.

Finance, Performance, Evaluation, Automobile, Tata Motors Ltd, Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd.

  1. Ramachandra Reddy B. and Yuvaraja Reddy B. (2016). Financial Performance through Market Value Added (MVA) Approach. The Management Accountant, January 2016, Pp.56-59.

हिन्दी भाषा का प्रसार विश्व में जनसंख्या की दृष्टि से चौथे एवं भौगोलिक क्षेत्रफल की दृष्टि से दूसरे स्थान पर है। भारत में मूलतः हिन्दी बोलने, लिखने और समझने वाले लोग मुख्य रूप से मध्य भाग, उत्तर प्रदेश, बिहार, मध्य प्रदेश, उत्तराखण्ड, झारखण्ड, हरियाणा, राजस्थान, दिल्ली में पूर्णतः और आस-पास के लोग हुए लगभग सभी प्रदेशों में थोड़ी बहुत बोली-लिखी और समझी जाती है। वैसे तो पूरे भारत में समझी और प्रयोग में लायी जाती है। यही प्रदेश (दिल्ली को छोड़कर) किसान बाहुल्य प्रदेश भी है। हिन्दी यही पर पली और बढ़ी है। इन्हें हिन्दी भाषा प्रदेश भी कहा जाता है।

हिंदी साहित्य, भाषा, किसान.

  1. मुंशी प्रेमचन्द, (1938) प्रेम द्वादशी की भूमिका में, सरस्वती बुक्स, बनारस, पृष्ठ 4। 

Health is considered as an essential resource for everyday life. It is better to promote social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities. Good health is an essential ingredient, which contributes to people’s wellbeing and country’s economic growth. The good health is not only free of diseases, but also is stress less mind, fit body, and social well-being. As per WHO report 80% of diseases are caused by lack of sanitation, poor hygiene, unclean drinking water and dirty water use for cooking and washing, etc. To measure the health status, we take few parameters like life expectancy, fertility rate, birth rate, communicable and non-communicable diseases, etc. The health status in Jharkhand has got positive betterment compared to the previous years. But still in few health status indicators the state needs to improve. However, the limitation of required adequate infrastructure restricts the situation. So, the required adequate health infrastructures and health human resources will exist as challenges for the Government of Jharkhand. 

Health Status, Health Services, Health Infrastructure, Morbidity, Common Disease, Human Resources of Health.

 Note

The action programmes of the Voluntary Organizations (VOs) relate to community organization, community health, education, natural resource management, skill development and income generation. The Problems of VOs relate to funding, one-manship in decision making, unattractive service conditions of paid staff and apathy of bureaucracy. There is an urgent need to promote and strengthen voluntary action. Some of the suggestions for improvement of VOs may be demonstration of genuine commitment of leadership to treat VOs as partners, extension oriented promotive style of functioning of the bureaucracy, simplification of grants-in-aid procedure, setting up a networking mechanism among the VOs, training of personnel and improving the organizational structure and administrative competence of the voluntary organizations. The role of voluntary organizations in sustainable development of the nation is considered vital because VOs have first hand knowledge and experience of people’s needs and available resources at the grass-roots level. VOs have closer contact with the people. VOs are flexible in nature in contrast to rigid bureaucratic system. Voluntary action is far more cost effective than an elaborate bureaucratic set-up.

Voluntary Organization, Sustainable Development, Organizations.

  1. Fernandes, W. (ed.). (1986). Voluntary Action and Government Control. Delhi: Indian Social Institute.

सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी (Information Technology) आँकड़ों की प्राप्ति, सूचना संग्रह, सुरक्षा, परिवर्तन, आंकड़ो का आदान-प्रदान, अध्ययन, डिजाइन आदि कार्याे तथा इन कार्याे के निष्पादन के लिए आवश्यक कम्प्यूटर हार्डवेयर अनुपयोगों से संबंधित है। सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी, वर्ममान समय में वाणिज्य-व्यापार का अभिन्न अंग है। संचार क्रान्ति के फलस्वरूप, दुर-संचार को भी सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी का एक प्रमुख घटक माना जाता है। इसे सूचना एवं संचार प्रौद्योगिकी (आईसीटी) कहा जाता है। सूचना एवं संचार प्रौद्योगिकी के विकास तथा ग्रामीण भारत के आर्थिक विकास में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाते है। ग्रामीण विकास, भारत सरकार की एक महत्वपूर्ण कार्य सूची है। ग्रामीण विकास क्षेत्र में सूचना व संचार प्रौद्योगिकी का उपयोग धीमा रहा है। इसके मुख्य कारण ग्रामीण इलाकों में खराब सूचना एवं संचार प्रौद्योगिकी बुनियादी ढ़ाचा है। ग्रामीण इलाकों में काम कर रहे संस्था/अधिकारी और स्थानीय भाषा के मुद्दों के बीच सूचना एवं संचार प्रौद्यागिकी की खराब जानकारी है। ग्रामीण इलाकों में रह रहे कुुल भारतीय जनसंख्या के 70 प्रतिशत आबादी कृषि क्षेत्र पर निर्भर है। कृषि क्षेत्र में उत्पादन वृद्धि के लिए प्रौद्योगिकी हस्तांतरण महत्वपूर्ण है और क्षेत्र में सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी की महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका है। सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी न केवल तेजी से विस्तार के लिए आवश्यक है, बल्कि इसके उपयोग से विभिन्न कृषि कार्याे को जल्दी से आसान तरीक से किया जा सकता है। कृषि उत्पादकों की बढ़ती मांग, उत्पादकों को अपनी आजीविका बनाए रखने और सुधारने के लिए अवसर करती है। सूचना व संचार प्रौद्योगिकी इन चुनौतियों को संबोधित करने एवं ग्रामीण गरीबी की आजीविका का उत्थान करने मे एक महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाती है। 

 ग्रामीण विकास, सूचना व संचार प्रौद्योगिकी, दुर-संचार.

  1. पटैरिया मनोज (2010) विज्ञान एवं प्रौद्योगिकी संचार, प्रभात प्रकाशन दिल्ली।

भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था संकट के काल से गुजर रही है। वर्तमान में जनसंख्या, बेरोजगारी, निर्धनता, मंहगाई, ग्रामीण विकास शहरीकरण तथा समानान्तर अर्थव्यवस्था, का संचालन आदि समय की चुनौतियां बन गई है। इनमें जनसंख्या वृद्धि तथा समानान्तर अर्थव्यवस्था प्रत्यक्ष तथा अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से बुरी तरह हमारी अर्थव्यवस्था को प्रभावित कर रही है। यह समानान्तर अर्थव्यवस्था ही काले धन का जाल है, कुछ लोग इसे गुप्त अर्थव्यवस्था, भूमिगत अर्थव्यवस्था एवं छिपी हुई अर्थव्यवस्था भी कहते है। यह सर्वविदित है कि अरबों मात्रा में मुद्रा, आय तथा सम्पतियां बिना लेखे के है, जो कि हमारी कर प्रणाली में प्रदर्शित नहीं की जाती है, बनाई जा रही है तथा संचय की जा रही है। इस बिना लेखे की आमदनी का उपयोग वैज्ञानिक तथा गैर वैज्ञानिक उद्देश्यों के लिए बड़े पैमाने पर किया जा रहा है। भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था मंे यह काला धन कई वर्षाें से पैदा हो रहा है तथा इसके विभिन्न आयाम है जो हमारी आर्थिक, सामाजिक तथा राजनैतिक जीवन को कई तरह से प्रभावित कर रहा है। वास्तव में यह काले धन की समस्या हमारी अधिकारिक मौद्रिक व्यवस्थां के लिए एक चुनौती बन गया है। तथ्य यह है कि यह काले धन की समस्या समाज के प्रत्येक क्षेत्र मे ं तथा अर्थव्यवस्था के हर क्षेत्र में विद्यमान है तथा कुचक्र के रूप में संचालित होता है।

अर्थव्यवस्था, करारोपण, मुद्रास्फिति, विकेन्द्रीकरण, आर्थिक नीति, मुद्रा का विमुद्रीकरण.

  1. लक्ष्मीनारायण एवं राम नाथू (2000) भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था, साहित्य भवन पब्लिकेशन, आगरा, संस्करण।

Currently, the concept of inclusive education has emerged, which believes in the idea that racial segregation is against the law nature. However, the adoption of this approach is highly dependent on teachers’ attitudes, which can have different influences. Children with disabilities also have access to classrooms. Current research on future teachers’ attitudes toward inclusion. The study aims to assess attitudes towards inclusive education among B.Ed. learners as well as educators. The researchers conducted comprehensive interviews with specialists and guides, as well as informal interactions with student teachers. Specific response instructions were developed for each section of the rating system. The initial draft of the scale has 30 items. The study sample consisted of 55 randomly selected student teacher from Jamia Urdu College of Education, Aligarh. The investigator finalized the item analysis methodologies and created a tool with 25 things on a five-point scale. Finally, effective implementation of inclusive education in schools relies heavily on teachers. Developing knowledge and skills during pre-service training is crucial for successful inclusion operations.

Attitude, Teacher, Student, Inclusive Education, Sample.

  1. Chopra, R. (2008). Factors influencing elementary school teachers Attitude towards inclusive education, British Educational Research Association Annua Conference’s.V, 2-4.

This paper attempts to consider the state of mind of essential school instructors towards Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. Considering the nature of the show think about, the analyst created and standardized a state of mind scale. In this consider, a purposive test was conducted and 120 instructors/teachers were chosen. Examination of the information uncovered that there was no noteworthy contrast within the difference of rural and urban essential school instructors towards Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. There’s a huge contrast within the difference of male and female essential school teachers towards Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. There is no significant difference in the attitude of liberal arts and science teachers towards Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan.

 Attitude, Instructor, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), School,Universalization of Elementary Educatio (UEE).

  1. Kotreshwaraswamy, A. Surapuramath (2011) a study of attitude of teachers towards in-services training programmes of sarva shiksha abhiyan Volume : 1, Issue : 12,| December 2012 ISSN - 2250-1991, 44 X PARIPEX - Indian Journal of Research.

This paper reviews the impact of blockchain on accounting and AI-driven auditing, focusing on how it enhances transparency and decision-making. It highlights four key themes: event-based accounting, real-time accounting, triple-entry accounting, and continuous auditing. The study uses agency and stakeholder theories to explore how blockchain mitigates information asymmetry and promotes collaboration. It also mentions the challenges and advises caution in adopting blockchain. Finally, it suggests future research directions: applying the themes and encouraging stakeholder collaboration in designing blockchain ecosystems for accounting and auditing.

Smart Audits, AI, Finance, Stakeholder.

  1. Angelis, J., & Ribeiro da Silva, E. (2019). Blockchain adoption: A value driver perspective. Business Horizons, 62(3), 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.12.001

The main motive of teacher’s training in India is to enhance the competency of teachers towards teaching-learning process in the education department. The purpose of this study is to investigate how teacher’s training affects student achievement in the classroom. For this purpose, 3 schools (1 Government school and 2 private [C.B.S.E] schools) were selected from Keliasol and Egarkund block in Dhanbad district, Jharkhand. A questionnaire was developed to collect data. The respondents were divided into two groups: one group was taught by Trained Teachers while the other group was taught by Untrained Teachers. Their views were recorded through questionnaires. End of research or experiment a major difference was observed, there was a significant difference in academic achievement among students taught by non-trained teachers as compared to students who taught through trained teachers. Therefore, the results of my experiment clearly show that teachers should be trained to achieve significant academic achievement in secondary students. Cramming system must be discouraged at the schools.

Teacher’s training, Achievements, Students, Experiment.

  1. Awan, Abdul Ghafoor (2012). “Emerging versus Aging Economies: A Comparative study of Advanced and Emerging Economies” International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences, Vol 2 (1): 45-65.

The tourism industry plays a crucial role in the economic development of Jharkhand, a state blessed with natural beauty and cultural heritage. However, the rapid growth of tourism has led to environmental challenges, necessitating the adoption of sustainable practices to preserve the region’s natural assets. This research paper aims to propose a comprehensive framework for enhancing green electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) in the Jharkhand tourism industry. The integration of the Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity (AMO) model with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) offers a holistic approach to understanding tourists’ intentions to engage in green eWOM. The study will contribute to the formulation of effective strategies that encourage tourists to share positive experiences and promote environmentally responsible behaviors within the Jharkhand tourism context.

Green electronic, Tourism, Sustainability, Motivation, Opportunity, Tourist behavior.

  1. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.

Bihar is situated in the eastern part of India, bordering Nepal. It is known as third-largest state by population. Bihar considered as a centre of power, culture and learning. After more than five-decade of planned economic development, Bihar isn’t yet reached the status of an industrially developed nation. There is lack of entrepreneurship which is one of the significant factors responsible for this. As Bihar is a male-dominated society, women entrepreneurs are absent. Although the scenario has changed in the last decades, there are some factors which still lagged for women. Such factors are work and life unbalance, her responsibilities towards family and business, gender biases, unfriendly technology, etc. Addressing the importance of women entrepreneurs in economic development, this paper highlights future research directions. The present paper investigates the opportunities and challenges of women entrepreneurs in Bihar. This research work is based on secondary data and observation. The secondary data which have been collected from various journals, articles, blogs, websites, etc. This paper also throws light on the pull and push factors, which plays a prominent role in the life of many women entrepreneurs.

Women Entrepreneurs, Economic Development, Entrepreneurs, Bihar.

  1. Bowen, Donald D. & Hirsch D. (1986), The Female Entrepreneur: A career Development Perspective, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 11 no. 2.

Corporate frauds committed by corporations are a major problem all around the world, not just in India. As a result of corporate fraud and corruption, several large businesses around the globe have gone down in flames over the previous three decades. India’s corporate market is no exception to this phenomenon. It is described as an activity done in against the corporate governance norms. It causes a rise in unemployment, a drop in tax revenue, and general economic instability. It adversely impacts not only the economy but also its stakeholders. Keeping corporations free of malfeasance is essential for safeguarding the interests of shareholders. The author in this research paper elucidates the concept of corporate fraud by discussing a few significant cases. An inter-relation between corporate fraud and investor protection will be examined by the author. The author further suggests certain changes to deal with the issue of corporate fraud in an effective manner.

Corporate frauds, Government norms, malfeasance, Shareholders, Economic stability.

  1. Aditya Narayan Sinha and Palak Gupta, Exploring the Startups in India: Analyzing Them With Corporate Frauds and Investor Protection, 1 Issue 1, Symbiosis Law School Nagpur Multidisciplinary Law Review, 94-105 (2021), https://www.slsnagpur.edu.in/assetsnew/pdf/newreviewpdfs/aditya.pdf

 पर्यटन वर्तमान समय में मानव के शारीरिक एवं मानसिक स्वस्थ्य का प्रमुख आधार है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र मंे झारखण्ड राज्य के चतरा जिले मंे वर्तमान के पर्यटन स्वरूप को दर्शाया गया है। इस शोध पत्र का प्रमुख उद्देश्य चतरा जिले में पर्यटन के वर्तमान स्वरूप एवं उनकी संभावनाओं का पता लगाना है। इस शोध पत्र को पूरा करने के लिए प्राथमिक एवं द्वितीयक आँकड़ों का सहारा लिया गया है। प्राथमिक आँकड़ों में अवलोकन एवं साक्षात्कार विधि का प्रयोग किया गया है जबकि द्वितीयक आँकड़ों के अंतर्गत सरकारी एवं गैर-सरकारी विभागों से प्राप्त आँकड़ों को शामिल किया गया है। इस प्रपत्र से यह स्पष्ट पता चलता है कि अध्ययन क्षेत्र मंे पर्यटन की अपार संभावना है क्योंकि यह क्षेत्र उत्तर की ओर से झारखण्ड का प्रवेष द्वार कहा जाता है। साथ ही यहाँ घने जंगल, प्राकृतिक स्वरूप एवं विभिन्न नदियों और अनेक छोटे-छोटे पहाड़ों का घर यहाँ की प्राकृतिक छटा मनोहारी है। यह एक क्षेत्र है जहाँ भौतिक, सामाजिक, ऐतिहासिक पर्यटन का समागम देखने को मिलता है। यहाँ वर्तमान समय में माँ भद्रकाली मंदिर, कौलेष्वरी पहाड़ी एवं मंदिर, गोवा जलप्रपात, खैवा जलप्रपात, कुंदा किला, मलुदाह जलप्रपात, लावालौंग वन्य जीव अभ्यारण्य, तमासीन जलप्रपात जैसे प्रमुख पर्यटन स्थल है। 

मनोरंजन, भौतिक सौन्दर्य, ऐतिहासिक धरोहर, आकर्षण, पर्यटन प्रभाव.

  1. बंसल सुरेश चन्द्र (2019) “पर्यटन भूगोल एवं यात्रा-प्रबंधन” एकेडमिक प्रेस, मेरठ, उत्तर प्रदेश।

Reorganisation of states in an important provision provided under the Constitution of India. For understanding the concepts and factors working behind the reorganisation of states this article helps a lot. The aim of this article is to show what are the factors involve behind the reorganisation of states and what are the roles of the committees in it. This paper is not limited to the philosophical aspect but also discuss a present case. The content provided in this article is written after analysing various other scholars writings, due to this it gets its authenticity. This paper provides the analysis of the factors behind the reorganisation of states. It is hoped that the analysis under this study will help the readers, researchers, and practitioners in understanding the concept of reorganisation of the states in India so that they can become more efficient in their work.

Reorganisation, States, Cases, Constitution, Committees.

  1. Report of The States Reorganisation Commission, 1955 (Manager of Publication, New Delhi) para 263.

This paper investigates the complex aspects of short-term migration among tribal women, employing a robust theoretical and conceptual framework. The study draws upon sociological, anthropological, and gender-related perspectives to understand the experiences of tribal women engaging in migration, particularly in the context of Korba. The theoretical framework encompasses key perspectives such as Push-Pull Theory, Livelihood Diversification, Gender and Migration, Migrant Network Theory, Intersectionality, and Seasonal or Circular Migration. Through a comprehensive analysis, the paper aims to develop a conceptual framework that guides the interpretation of findings, shedding light on the challenges, opportunities, and unique dynamics faced by tribal women during their migration journeys.

Short-Term Migration, Tribal Women, Push-Pull Theory, Livelihood Diversification, Seasonal Migration, Intersectionality.

  1. Lee, E. (1966). A Theory of Migration. Demography, 3(1), 47-57. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2060063.

Nuruddin Farah is one of the major Somali African writers. In his oeuvre Farah has tried to capture the colonial past and postcolonial reality of Somalia. His writings capture the oppression, torture, politics, dominance and violence on the nation by both colonial rulers and postcolonial natives. His novels deal with the social, political, cultural and economic issues of Somalia. He has tried to construct the nation by creating awareness through his writings. His writings are the voice of protest of the marginalized subaltern Somalis. Sweet and Sour Milk is the first novel of Farah’s first trilogy “Variations on the theme of an African Dictatorship”. The novel reveals atrocity, violence and oppression of Siad Barre’s regime. It highlights how the dictator General has controlled the society and nation through its power, dominance and politics. This paper will explore how the youth has tried to raise voice against the oppressive regime to create an awareness and resistance in Somali society.

Somalia, Power, Politics, Violence, Nation.

  1. Appiah, Kwame Anthony. (2004) “Nuruddin Farah by Kwame Anthony Appiah.” BOMB: The Author Interviews, Issue 87, Spring, https://bombmagazine.org/articles/nuruddin-farah/. Accessed 9 Oct. 2023.

“गावो विश्वस्य मातरः“ अर्थात् गाय चराचर जगत की माता है, यानि अखिल विश्व का आधार गौ माता ही है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र का मुख्य उद्देश्य देसी नस्ल वाले गाय की वर्त्तमान स्वरूप को जानना तथा देसी नस्ल की गाय के वैज्ञानिक एवं चिकित्सीय महत्व को जानना है। इस प्रपत्र को पूरा करने के लिए प्राथमिक और द्वितीयक आँकड़ों का सहारा लिया गया है। देसी गाय के नस्ल को जानने के लिए प्राथमिक आँकड़ों में अवलोकन एवं साक्षात्कार का प्रयोग किया गया है। इस अध्ययन से अध्ययन क्षेत्र मे साहीवाल, गिर, थारपारकर, मवाती, बद्री, गंगातिरी, रेड सिंधी के बारे में स्पष्ट पता चलता है साथ ही इनके वैज्ञानिक महत्व एवं चिकित्सीय महत्व को स्पष्ट किया गया है। इन गायों के दूध में कैंसर, रतौंधी, इस्केमिक स्ट्रोक, हृदय रोग, मधुमेह, पाचन संबंधी समस्या, एलर्जी, अस्थमा, जोड़ो का दर्द, मोटापा जैसी समस्याओं का समाधान करती है।

साहीवाल, गिर, थारपारकर, चिकित्सीय स्वरूप, दूग्ध उत्पादन, गाय

  1. तिवारी, आर.सी. (2008) ’’भारत का भूगोल’’, इलाहाबाद, प्रयाग पुस्तक भवन।

Since the existence of human being on the earth people used to move from one place to another in search of food, water and safety but today, it gets diversified. Migration is one of the biggest reasons under which migrant labourers are forced to move out from their native place in search of economic opportunities for the sustenance of their livelihood. However, the nationwide lockdown and sealing of State boundaries due to covid-19 pandemic hit hardest the informal migrant workers and they were compelled to return their birth places. This has led to the serious unemployment and economic vulnerability and affected the all-round development. According to Government official, there is around 10 lakh people returned to their home Village since March 2020. In this paper we have focused on the returnee migrant labourers of internal migration. The study tries to examine the challenges faced by returnee labourers and also the possible ways through which alternative livelihood can be created to engage them locally. Data is collected from the both primary and secondary sources. Study revealed that low income and job loss has significantly risen although Government has taken various welfare programmes but still rate of unemployment is high among returnees. The nature of the paper is descriptive and analytical.

Migrant labourers, Economic vulnerability, Unemployment.

  1. District census handbook Chatra, census of India 2011

 भारतीय संस्कृति में आधारशिला हैं-वेद। वेदों की सारगर्भित बातों को लेकर जनजीवन को सुव्यवस्थित करने के लिए महनीय प्रयत्न किया है-स्मृतिग्रन्थों ने स्मृतिशास्त्रों की जितनी प्रासङ्गिकता प्राचीन काल में थी, उससे कहीं अधिक प्रासङ्गिकता वर्तमान युग में    दृष्टिगोचर होती है। वर्तमान युग के जनजीवन में नैतिकता का हास, राजनैतिक शुद्धता का अभाव, सामाजिक मूल्यों का अनादर, व्यसनों का व्यामोह, आचार-विचार की अशुद्धता सर्वत्र हावी होती जा रही है। स्मृतियों में इन प्रासंगिक सन्दर्भों के लिए अनेक उपदेश तथा सन्देश दिये गये हैं, जिनको आत्मसात् करके वर्तमान युग के जनजीवन को सही दिशा प्राप्त हो सकती है।

 भारतीय संस्कृति, वेद, संदेश, युग.

  1. तन्त्रवार्तिक, पृ.सं. 13-14।

 A patriarchal world (society) comprises a male-dominated control structure all through organized society and personal connections. Patriarchal depicts a common structure in which men have control over ladies. Society is the aggregate of the relations of a community. Ability is related to privilege. In a framework in which men have more control than ladies, men have a few levels of benefit to which ladies are not entitled. The term ‘feminine sensibility’ come beneath the subject of the ponder of woman’s rights which talks about the values of ladies. It is one of the foremost examined hypothetical talks supporting women’s rights based on the conviction within the equality of the genders. Female sensibility for the foremost portion insinuates females and their sensitive and delicate opinions around the environment of their family, society or the world where they exist. Feminine sensibility communicates the sees and news of the females of the world and it makes us simpler to understand through the consideration of talk of woman’s rights, and feminists want to change the status of women for humanity by showing the problems of women’s problems and feminine sensibility to understand them well in the patriarchal society. It is very essential to study feminine sensibility to recognize the women of the world and their values, norms and their dignity. They want to find out their lost identity and their world for the sake of humanity.

 Society, Feminine, Sensibility, Humanity.

  1. “What Is a Patriarchal Society and How Does It Relate to Feminism?” ThoughtCo, https://www.thoughtco.com/patriarchal-society-feminism-definition-3528978. Accessed 1 Aug. 2023.

 ऐसा नहीं कि भारतीय परिवेश में बल्कि सारी दुनिया में व्यंग्य की प्रकृति सुधारात्मक ही नहीं बल्कि आक्रामक प्रहार की भी होती है। व्यंग्य की स्थिति एक अच्छे चिकित्सक व शिक्षक की होती है जिनका उद्देश्य अंततः बुरे से नहीं बुराई से घृणा करना सिखाता है। साहित्यकार डॉ. प्रभाकर माचवे मानते हैं कि व्यंग्य बौद्धिक विकास नहीं वरन स्वस्थ जीवन जीने के लिए पौष्टिक आहार का कार्य करता है। हमारे समाज में व्यंग्य साहित्य के साथ लोक साहित्य में भी समाहित है। लोकगाथा, छत्तीसगढ़ी लोक साहित्य की प्रमुख विधा है। पाश्चात्य देशों में लोकगाथा ‘बैलेड’ के नाम से जानी जाती है। अलग-अलग देशों में इसके अर्थ भी अलग- अलग हैं। छत्तीसगढ़ की विभिन्न संस्कृतियों में लोकगाथाओं की भरमार है। यहां की जीवनशैली में पौराणिक गाथाओं का प्रभाव प्रमुखता से दिखाई पड़ता है। छत्तीसगढ़ी लोकगाथा‘‘ श्रवण की गाथा और ‘राजा वीरसिंह’, में व्यंग्य का सुंदर निरूपण है।

 व्यंग्य, अधारोष्ठ, वक्रोक्ति, व्यंजना, अनुश्रुतियों, समीचीन.

  1. द्विवेदी हजारी प्रसाद (1959) कबीर, विचार प्रवाह,वाराणसी 1959, पृष्ठ 5।

 किसी भी देश के आर्थिक विकास की प्रक्रिया में उद्यमी की भूमिका अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण एवं निर्णायक रहती है। वास्तव में उद्यमी को आर्थिक विकास का प्रेरक तत्व, समन्वयकर्ता, निर्णयकर्ता एवं संगठनकर्ता के रूप में माना जाता है। आर्थिक विकास के संबंध में कहा जाता है, कि उद्यमी वह व्यक्ति है, जो उत्पादन के अप्रयुक्त साधनों को उत्पादक कार्यों में नियोजित करता है ताकि देश लाभ एवं उत्पादकता की ओर अग्रसर हो सके।

 आर्थिक विकास, उद्यमी, उद्यमिता विकास, निर्यात संवर्धन.

1. माथुर एस पी, (2021) भारत में उद्यमिता विकास, हिमालय पब्लिकेशन हाउस, मुंबई।

2. विश्वास देवाशीश, (2021) भारत में उद्यमिता विकास, प्रथम संस्करण, प्रथम संस्करण रूटलेज़ प्रकाशन, यूनाइटेड किंगडम।

3. देसाई बसंत, (1999) लघु उद्योग एवं उद्यमिता, हिमालय पब्लिकेशन हाउस, मुंबई।

4. जैन पी.सी एवं शर्मा एन. एल (2006) उद्यमिता के मूल आधार, रमेश बुक डिपो, जयपुर।

 Pithora graffiti is a means of penance, thanksgiving and commemoration of auspicious occasions and this typical indigenous painting tradition is counted among the oldest art forms of Indian art horizon. Basically, it is an original and distinctive form of ritual and daily life activities based paintings with mass acceptance among the specialy Rathwa, Bhil, Bhilala and Nayak tribal communities; who are native to the eastern Gujarat region. Basically, in the some parts of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, where the two states share their borders; among the native tribes there, this art has remained exemplary since ancient times till today. This art form reflects specific religious and social concerns among the aforementioned tribes; and also, an integral part of their typical marital customs and religious beliefs. The objective of this paper is to investigate the contemporary changes in Pithora art on the basis of its depiction-method, depiction-subject, pigments used, colour-combination, depiction-surface, etc. and make a comparative evaluation.

 Lakhara, Pigment, Osari, Rituals, Jhokra, Barwa, Pictograph, Graffiti, Motifs.

  1. “Indian Folklife”, Issue No. 36, (October, 2010), a quarterly Journal, Published by, National Folklore Support Centre, Chennai (Tamilnadu), India

 Women’s empowerment is a continuous and evolving process that strengthens their capacity to shape and overcome barriers in order to have a say in all public financial, political, and social matters. It is perceived as a method by which women can challenge current power hierarchies and take on greater accountability for their own lives. Education can be harnessed as a means to achieve this goal. The concepts of “gender,” “equality,” and “empowerment” of females have been commonly employed as popular phrases in educational resources for a considerable period, as evidenced by the National Curriculum Framework for Institute Education (2005). Gender in the context of ensuring fair and equal access to resources. The focus was primarily on a formal approach to equality, where equal treatment held greater significance than achieving equal outcomes. Empowerment refers to the possession of autonomy, authority, and agency to govern one’s own life, manage one’s own resources, and exercise one’s own decision-making capabilities. Education that prioritizes equality helps girls to assert their rights and make significant contributions to enduring, sustainable development. Empowerment in the classroom encompasses several key components, such as instilling in students a sense of self-worth and appreciation for their individual contributions, fostering critical thinking skills, promoting an understanding of gender equality, providing increased access to resources, and equipping them with the ability to assess alternatives and make informed decisions.

 Women Empowerment , Female Prospective teacher.

  1. Adsul, R.K. (2011). Self-concept of high and low achieving adolescents. Indian Streams Research Journal, I(IV). 

 सामाजिक यथार्थ की अभिव्यक्ति मार्क्सवाद और साहित्य दोनों का आधार है, ‘क्या होना चाहिए’ के स्थान पर ‘क्या है’ इसकी खोज साहित्य करता है। मार्क्सवादी उसी साहित्य को श्रेष्ठ मानता है जो जीवन, समाज और मानवता के प्रति सच्चा और ईमानदार हो। कोई भी साहित्य वहां तक सत्य माना जाता है जिसकी उद्वेलिता की हुई भावनाएं और विचार व्यावहारिक अनुभव की कसौटी पर खरे उतरते हैं। हिंदी साहित्य का छायावाद- प्रगतिवाद मार्क्सवाद के इन्हीं सिद्धांतों का समर्थन करता है। जीवन को भौतिक दृष्टि से देखकर उसमें चेतना भरने का प्रयास मार्क्सवादियों की ओर से हुआ है। जीवन की सत्यता के रूप में वे सौंदर्य के साथ कुरूपता, नग्नता और वीभत्सता को भी ग्रहण करते हैं, यही कारण है कि साहित्य यथार्थ को अपने में समाहित करता है। सुमित्रानंदन पंत जी ने समाज के सबसे उपेक्षित वर्ग की विडंबना और उपहास को साहित्य के माध्यम से समाज के समक्ष लाने का अथक प्रयास किया। यह शोधपत्र पंतजी के साहित्य में मार्क्सवादी दर्शन का अध्ययन कर उसको यथार्थ से सम्बद्ध करने का प्रयास करता है।

 समाज और साहित्य, मार्क्सवाद, चेतना, प्रगतिवाद, सामाजिक एवम राजनीतिक विकास.

  1. मेरा बचपन - आकाशवाणी, वार्ता, 12/11/1949।

 नैतिकता के बिना चरित्र निर्माण की बातें पूर्ण रूप से खोखली हैं। नैतिक कार्य किये जायें इसके लिए न केवल ठीक साध्य का चुनाव आवश्यक है, बल्कि सही साधनों का अवलंबन भी उतना ही अपरिहार्य है। नैतिकता का अवलंबन मात्र किसी भी चरित्र निर्माण के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं है। नैतिकता स्वतः परिभाषित नहीं हो सकती। नैतिकता चरित्र-निर्माण की मुख्य सामग्री है, जिस प्रकार किसी भवन के लिए सीमेंट या ईंट। नैतिकता के बिना गुणों की बुनियाद नहीं हो सकती, चरित्र को कलेवर देना नितांत कल्पना मात्र हो जायेगी। 1. उपाध्याय, आचार्य बलदेव, (1989) बौद्ध दर्शन-मीमांसा, चौखम्बा विद्याभवन वाराणसी।

 बौद्ध धर्म, चरित्र निर्माण, नैतिकता.

 यह एक सर्वमान्य विचारधारा है कि संपूर्णता व दिव्यदर्शन से भरपूर और राष्ट्र के उत्थान में समर्पित ऐसी शिक्षा नीति जिसमें भविष्य उन्मुखी के गुणों से परिपूर्ण है। प्रत्येक देश के चर्तुमुखी विकास के लिए आवश्यक है क्योंकि शिक्षा ही देश के आर्थिक व शैक्षिक, सामाजिक, नैतिक एवं समन्वयवादी आदि दृष्टिकोण और विकास में सहायक हो सकती है। इस तथ्य को ध्यान में रखते हुए हाल में ही भारत सरकार ने नई शिक्षा नीति 2020 को मूर्त रूप दिया है। इस नीति की अध्यक्षता डॉ. कस्तूरीरंगन के नेतृत्व में मूर्त रूप देने का कार्य किया गया है जिसमें विभिन्न शिक्षाविदो के परामर्श एवं सुझावों पर आधारित है। उपरोक्त शोधपत्र में नई शिक्षा नीति 2020 में विद्यार्थी एवं अभिभावक एवं समाज का विश्लेषणात्मक अध्ययन करेंगे। राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति 2020 (सन् 2020), जिसे 29 जुलाई 2020 को भारत सरकार के केन्द्रीय मन्त्रीमंडल द्वारा अनुमोदित किया गया था, ये भारत की नई शिक्षा प्रणाली के दृष्टिकोण को रेखांकित करता है। पुरानी राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति (1986), पर बदलते समय की मांग के अनुसार नई राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति (2020) स्थान लेने में सक्षम है। यह नीति व्यापक दृष्टिकोण से परिपूर्ण है। इसमें आधारभूत शिक्षा की विधिवत रूपरेखा तैयार की गई है और उच्च शिक्षा के साथ-साथ ग्रामीण शिक्षा व नगरीय शिक्षा और व्यवसायिक एवं कौशल परक शिक्षा प्रशिक्षण पर विशेष बल दिया गया है। यह शिक्षा नीति (2020) विषय की एवं ग्रुप मर्यादा से हटकर दूसरे ग्रुप के विषय देने की भी बात कही गई जिसमें शिक्षार्थीयों कोलोव्रेटीव शिक्षा अध्ययन करने का एक संयोजन प्राप्त होगा।

 शिक्षानीति, विद्यार्थी, अभिभावक, समाज, संस्कृति.

  1. (2020), राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति। मानव संसाधन विकास मंत्रालय, भारत सरकार पृ.2 -10